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HOW TO RETURN index doc: PUT {} IN where FOR line.no IN keys doc: TREAT LINE RETURN where TREAT LINE: FOR word IN split doc[line.no]: IF word not.in keys where: PUT {} IN where[word] INSERT line.no IN where[word]
PROGRAM ONE WHEEL " Simple model of a dynamical system " written in ACSL 1, circa 1982. INITIAL CINTERVAL CINT = 0.05 ALGORITHM IALG = 4 $ "RK3" CONSTANT X1IO = 0.0, X2IO=0.0, X1DIC=0.0, X2DIC = 0.0 CONSTANT M1 = 25.0, M2=2.0, DF=100.0, K2=5000 CONSTANT TDONE = 15.0 K1 = 1000.0 END $ "OF INITIALIZATION" DYNAMIC DERIVATIVE X3= STEP(0.0) X1D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), X1DIC) X2D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), ... (K2/M2)*(X2-X3*5.0), X2DIC) X1 = INTEG(X1D,X1IO) X2 = INTEG(X2D,X2IO) END "OF DERIVATIVE SECTION" TERMT(T .GE. TDONE) END "OF DYNAMIC SECTION" END "OF PROGRAM"
-- simple programming with floating-point #s with Ada.Float_Text_IO; use Ada.Float_Text_IO; procedure Think is A, B : Float := 0.0; -- A and B initially zero; note the period. I, J : Integer := 1; begin A := B * 7.0; I := J * 3; B := Float(I) / A; Put(B); end Think;
/* An Alef program to parse numbers out of * the string returned from /dev/time, and * print them from a separate proc. This is * a rather lame conglomeration of several * examples from Bob Flandrea's Alef * User's Guide */ tuple(int, uint, byte*) strtoui(byte* str, int base) { int val; while(*str != 0 && whitespace(*str)) str ; if(str == nil || *str == 0) return(0, 0, str); while(*str && !whitespace(*str)) { if(!validdigit(*str, base)) return (-1, val, str 1); /* extract digit into val */ str ; } return(1, val, str); } void receive(chan(uint) c) { int s; s = <-c; print("%d\n", s); if (s == 0) terminate(nil); } void main(void) { chan(uint) c; alloc c; proc receive(c); int ret; uint val; int fd; byte *p, buf[128], *newp; fd = open("/dev/time", OREAD|OCEXEC); if (fd >= 0) { read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); for(p = buf; *p; p = newp) { (ret, val, newp) = strtoui(p, 10); if(ret >= 0) c <-= val; if(ret == 0) break; } } }
// the main program, calculate the mean of // some numbers begin integer N; Read Int(N); begin real array Data[1:N]; real sum, avg; integer i; sum:=0; for i:=1 step 1 until N do begin real val; Read Real(val); Data[i]:=if val<0 then -val else val end; for i:=1 step 1 until N do sum:=sum Data[i]; avg:=sum/N; Print Real(avg) end end
Here is a better example, written in the
Algol60 publication language, from
Jean Sammet courtesy of
Glyn Webster.
procedure problem (a, b); value a, b; integer a, b; begin integer k; real e; for k := 2 × (a ÷ 2) 1 step 2 until b do begin e := if prime(k) then sqrt(3 × k sin(k)) else sqrt(4 × k cos(k)); if prime(k) then putlist(k, e, 'prime') else putlist(k, e, 'nonprime') end end problem;
-- Use the Finder to close all applications -- (by Joshua D. Baer) property specialApps : {"Finder"} tell application "Finder" set allApps to name of processes end tell repeat with someParticularApp in allApps if specialApps does not contain someParticularApp then tell application someParticularApp activate quit end tell end if end repeat
;; Very simple example of interactive extension ;; for AutoCAD (Defun c:SF2ACRE () (setq SF (getreal "Enter area in square feet: ")) (setq AGREAGE (/ SF 43560.0)) (alert (strcat "\nThe area in acres is " (rtos ARGEAGE 2 2))) )
BEGIN { if ("'$#argv'"==1) Col="'$1'"; else Col=1 } {Total = $Col; }; END { printf "Total for column %d with %d items: %d\n", Col,NR,Total }
class ACCOUNT feature balance: INTEGER; owner: PERSON; minimum_balance: INTEGER is 1000 open (who: PERSON) is -- Assign the account to owner who. do owner := who end deposit (sum: INTEGER) is -- Deposit sum into the account. do add (sum) end withdraw (sum: INTEGER) is -- Withdraw sum from the account. do add (-sum) end may_withdraw (sum: INTEGER): BOOLEAN is -- Is there enough money to withdraw sum? do Result := (balance >= sum + minimum_balance) end feature {NONE} add (sum: INTEGER) is -- Add sum to the balance. do balance := balance + sum end end -- class ACCOUNT
;; Simple Elisp example (defconst date-pattern-1 "\\(1?[0-9]\\)/\\([123]?[0-9]\\)/\\([0-9][0-9]\\)" "Regexp for one style of data string") (defun replace-all-dates () "Replace 1/27/93 dates with 27-1-93 dates" (interactive) (let ((mcount 0)) (while (re-search-forward date-pattern-1 nil t) (replace-match "\\2-\\1-\\3" nil nil) (setq mcount (+ 1 mcount))) (message (format "Replaced %d dates" mcount))) )
-module(sort). -export([sort/1]). sort([]) -> []; sort([Pivot|Rest]) -> {Smaller, Bigger} = split(Pivot, Rest), lists:append(sort(Smaller), [Pivot|sort(Bigger)]). split(Pivot, L) -> split(Pivot, L, [], []). split(Pivot, [], Smaller, Bigger) -> {Smaller, Bigger}; split(Pivot, [Hd|Tl], Smaller, Bigger) when Hd < Pivot -> split(Pivot, Tl, [Hd|Smaller], Bigger); split(Pivot, [Hd|Tl], Smaller, Bigger) when Hd >= Pivot -> split(Pivot, T, Smaller, [Hd|Bigger]).
Alternative version using Erlang 4.4 features:
-module(sort). -export([sort/1]). sort([Pivot|T]) -> sort([ X || X <- T, X < Pivot]) ++ [Pivot] ++ sort([ X || X <- T, X >= Pivot]); sort([]) -> [].
MODULE Lambda. CONSTRUCT Person/0. FUNCTION Jane, Mary, John: One -> Person. FUNCTION Mother : Person * Person -> Boolean. Mother(x,y) => x=Jane & y=Mary. FUNCTION Wife : Person * Person -> Boolean. Wife(x,y) => x=John & y=Jane. FUNCTION PrimitiveRel : (Person * Person -> Boolean) -> Boolean. PrimitiveRel(r) => r=Mother \/ r=Wife. FUNCTION Rel : (Person * Person -> Boolean) -> Boolean. Rel(r) => PrimitiveRel(r) \/ (SOME [r1,r2] (r = LAMBDA [u] (SOME [z] (r1(Fst(u),z) & r2(z,Snd(u)))) & PrimitiveRel(r1) & PrimitiveRel(r2))).
module AVERAGE: input INCREMENT_AVERAGE(integer); output AVERAGE_VALUE(integer); var TOTAL := 0, NUMBER := 0, : integer in every immediate INCREMENT_AVERAGE do TOTAL := TOTAL + ? INCREMENT_AVERAGE; NUMBER := NUMBER + 1; emit AVERAGE_VALUE (TOTAL / NUMBER) end end.
-- Prime sieve benchmark, adapted from Euphoria 2.0beta demos constant ON = 1, OFF = 0, SIZE = 5000, BATCH = 20 function sieve() sequence flags integer prime, start, count, still_prime count = 0 flags = repeat(ON, SIZE) for i = 1 to SIZE do still_prime = flags[i] if still_prime then prime = 2 * i prime = prime + 1 start = prime + i for k = start to SIZE by prime do flags[k] = OFF end for count = count + 1 end if end for return count end function atom t, cycles, p cycles = 0 t = time() while time() < t + 30 do -- test for 30 seconds for iter = 1 to BATCH do p = sieve() end for cycles = cycles + BATCH end while t = time() - t printf(1, "%6.1f sieves per second\n", cycles / t)
func cmplxplot(z, u) /* DOCUMENT cmplxplot, z, u * plots a scalar complex function of a complex variable. */ { resx=100; resy=100; s=[[sqrt(2./3.),0,1/sqrt(3)],[-1/sqrt(2*3.0),1/sqrt(2.),1/sqrt(3)], [-1/sqrt(2*3.0),-1/sqrt(2.),1/sqrt(3)]]; phi=span(-pi,pi,256); vec=array(double,3,256); vec(1,)=cos(phi); vec(2,)=sin(phi); vec(3,)=1/sqrt(2)(-); f=s(+,)*vec(+,); palette,bytscl(f(2,),top=255),bytscl(f(1,),top=255),bytscl(f(3,),top=255); xmin=min(u.re); xmax=max(u.re); ymin=min(u.im); ymax=max(u.im); zi=array(complex,resx,resy); zi.re=interp2(span(ymin,ymax,resy)(-:1:resx,),span(xmin,xmax,resx)(,-:1:resy), z.re,u.im,u.re); zi.im=interp2(span(ymin,ymax,resy)(-:1:resx,),span(xmin,xmax,resx)(,-:1:resy), z.im,u.im,u.re); // Caution: on some platforms atan(0,0) crashes ! arr=bytscl(atan(zi.im,zi.re+1e-200),cmin=-pi,cmax=pi); pli,arr, xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax; plc,abs(z),u.im,u.re,marks=0; }
HOW TO RETURN index doc: PUT {} IN where FOR line.no IN keys doc: TREAT LINE RETURN where TREAT LINE: FOR word IN split doc[line.no]: IF word not.in keys where: PUT {} IN where[word] INSERT line.no IN where[word]
PROGRAM ONE WHEEL " Simple model of a dynamical system " written in ACSL 1, circa 1982. INITIAL CINTERVAL CINT = 0.05 ALGORITHM IALG = 4 $ "RK3" CONSTANT X1IO = 0.0, X2IO=0.0, X1DIC=0.0, X2DIC = 0.0 CONSTANT M1 = 25.0, M2=2.0, DF=100.0, K2=5000 CONSTANT TDONE = 15.0 K1 = 1000.0 END $ "OF INITIALIZATION" DYNAMIC DERIVATIVE X3= STEP(0.0) X1D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), X1DIC) X2D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), ... (K2/M2)*(X2-X3*5.0), X2DIC) X1 = INTEG(X1D,X1IO) X2 = INTEG(X2D,X2IO) END "OF DERIVATIVE SECTION" TERMT(T .GE. TDONE) END "OF DYNAMIC SECTION" END "OF PROGRAM"
-- simple programming with floating-point #s with Ada.Float_Text_IO; use Ada.Float_Text_IO; procedure Think is A, B : Float := 0.0; -- A and B initially zero; note the period. I, J : Integer := 1; begin A := B * 7.0; I := J * 3; B := Float(I) / A; Put(B); end Think;
/* An Alef program to parse numbers out of * the string returned from /dev/time, and * print them from a separate proc. This is * a rather lame conglomeration of several * examples from Bob Flandrea's Alef * User's Guide */ tuple(int, uint, byte*) strtoui(byte* str, int base) { int val; while(*str != 0 && whitespace(*str)) str ; if(str == nil || *str == 0) return(0, 0, str); while(*str && !whitespace(*str)) { if(!validdigit(*str, base)) return (-1, val, str 1); /* extract digit into val */ str ; } return(1, val, str); } void receive(chan(uint) c) { int s; s = <-c; print("%d\n", s); if (s == 0) terminate(nil); } void main(void) { chan(uint) c; alloc c; proc receive(c); int ret; uint val; int fd; byte *p, buf[128], *newp; fd = open("/dev/time", OREAD|OCEXEC); if (fd >= 0) { read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); for(p = buf; *p; p = newp) { (ret, val, newp) = strtoui(p, 10); if(ret >= 0) c <-= val; if(ret == 0) break; } } }
// the main program, calculate the mean of // some numbers begin integer N; Read Int(N); begin real array Data[1:N]; real sum, avg; integer i; sum:=0; for i:=1 step 1 until N do begin real val; Read Real(val); Data[i]:=if val<0 then -val else val end; for i:=1 step 1 until N do sum:=sum Data[i]; avg:=sum/N; Print Real(avg) end end
Here is a better example, written in the
Algol60 publication language, from
Jean Sammet courtesy of
Glyn Webster.
procedure problem (a, b); value a, b; integer a, b; begin integer k; real e; for k := 2 × (a ÷ 2) 1 step 2 until b do begin e := if prime(k) then sqrt(3 × k sin(k)) else sqrt(4 × k cos(k)); if prime(k) then putlist(k, e, 'prime') else putlist(k, e, 'nonprime') end end problem;
-- Use the Finder to close all applications -- (by Joshua D. Baer) property specialApps : {"Finder"} tell application "Finder" set allApps to name of processes end tell repeat with someParticularApp in allApps if specialApps does not contain someParticularApp then tell application someParticularApp activate quit end tell end if end repeat
;; Very simple example of interactive extension ;; for AutoCAD (Defun c:SF2ACRE () (setq SF (getreal "Enter area in square feet: ")) (setq AGREAGE (/ SF 43560.0)) (alert (strcat "\nThe area in acres is " (rtos ARGEAGE 2 2))) )
BEGIN { if ("'$#argv'"==1) Col="'$1'"; else Col=1 } {Total = $Col; }; END { printf "Total for column %d with %d items: %d\n", Col,NR,Total }
# Small Tcl sorting program, after Welch, 1997. proc NameCompare {a, b} { set $asurname = [lindex $a end] set $bsurname = [lindex $b end] set ret [string compare $asurname $bsurname] if { $ret == 0 } { $ret = [string compare $a $b] } return $ret } set namelist {} set line {} while { [gets stdin line] != 0 } { lappend namelist $line } set namelist [lsort -command NameCompare $namelist] set lineno 1 foreach line $namelist { puts stdout "$lineno $line" set lineno [expr $lineno 1] }
! DISPLAY CURRENT LINE'S ASCII CODES, 20 PER DISPLAY-LINE.! ! D F KOENIG, 1989-11-24. ! @^U.L[^[^A Line length = ^A^[ MN0U.0^[QN<Q.0A:=^[^A ^A^[((%.0/10)*10)-Q.0"E^[((Q.0/20)*20)-Q.0"E^[^A ^A^[ ^[|^[^A ^A^[ ^['^['^[>^[^A ^A^[[
code Segment; \ define code Segment.
Org 0100h; \ all .COM programs start at 0100h.
data Segment; \ define data Segment.
' First2 ='1', =13, =10, \ Initial 2 primes message text...
='2', =13, =10, =24h; \ followed by a $ for DOS.
' Primes =" primes.", \ declare message text...
crlf =13, =10, =24h; \ followed by CR, LF and $ for DOS.
EOP Label Byte; \ define End Of Program.
data EndS; \ close data segment, goes after code.
\
\ Computes and displays all of the primes between 0 and 65536 using the
\ Eratosthenes' Sieve method. Note that the first 2 primes (1 and 2)
\ are handled as a special case.
\
\
dx = O(First2); ah = 9; !21h; \* print first 2 primes using DOS.
sp = O(EOP 512); \ set up 256 word stack at end of prog.
bx = sp 15 > 4; \ bx = number of paragraphs we use.
es = ds = ax = cs bx; \ setup ds,es to free space past stack.
cx = 32768; ax = (-1); &di; \ cx = number, ax = value, di = offset.
; <> ** =; \ auto-inc, clear full 64K flags array.
bx = 2; &si; &ch; \ count = 2 (for 1 & 2), i = 0, ch = 0.
{ \ do...
cl = [si]; ?<> \ if flags[i] is non-zero...
{ \ then...
dx = si si 3; <<1; \ prime = i * 2 3, break if done...
ax = dx; =.PrintNum; \* print prime using PrintNum.
ax = H(14) L(13); !10h; \* print CR using BIOS.
ax = H(14) L(10); !10h; \* print LF using BIOS.
di = si dx; >> \ k = i prime, if & while k << limit,
{ [di] = ch; di dx; }>>; \ do flags[k] = 0, k = k prime.
bx ; \ count = count 1;
}; \ endif flags[i] is non-zero.
si ; \ i = i 1.
}.; \ loop forever-- break gets us out.
es = ds = ax = cs; \ restore ds and es.
ax = bx; =.PrintNum; \ print ax in decimal to screen.
dx = O(Primes); ah = 9; !21h; \ print " primes." using DOS.
!20h; \ return to DOS.
% Code to test whether a given year is % a leap-year. From % S. Bechtolsheim's "TeX in Practice" volume 3. \InputD{imodn.tip} \newif\if@LeapYear \def\LeapYearConditional #1{% TT\fi {% \count0 = #1\relax \IModN{\count0}{4}{\count1}% \ifnum\count1 = 0 \global\@LeapYeartrue \IModN{\count0}{100}{\count2}% \IModN{\count0}{400}{\count3}% \ifnum\count2 = 0 \global\@LeapYearfalse \fi \ifnum\count3 = 0 \global\@LeapYeartrue \fi \else \global\@LeapYearfalse \fi }% \if@LeapYear }
% Roll a die until you get 6. (This is a comment) var die : int loop randint (die, 1, 6) exit when die = 6 put "This roll is ", die end loop put "Stopping with roll of 6"
{ Table data structure, adapted from an example in "Multiparadigm Data Structures in Leda" by Tim Budd, 1993 Assumes the list data structure is already defined. } class Association [X, Y : equality] of equality[Association]; var key : X; value : Y; function equals(argValue : Association[X, Y])->boolean; begin return key = argValue.key; end; end; class Table [X, Y : equality] { of equality[Association] }; var data : List[Association[X, Y]]; function add (newKey : X, newValue : Y); begin if ~ defined(data) then data := List[Association[X, Y]](); data.add(Association[X, Y](newKey, newValue)); end; function onEach (theFun : function(X, Y)); begin if defined(data) then data.onEach(function (item : Association[X, Y]); begin theFun(item.key, item.value); end); end; function items (byRef key : X, byRef value : Y)->relation; var element : Association[X, Y]; begin return defined(data) & data.items(element) & unify[X](key, element.key) & unify[Y](value, element.value); end; function includesKey (key : X)->boolean; var value : Y; begin if items(key, value) then return true; return false; end; function at (key : X)->Y; var value : Y; begin if items(key, value) then return value; return NIL; end; function atPut (key : X, value : Y); var element : Association[X, Y]; begin if defined(data) & data.items(element) & element.key = key then element.value := value else add(key, value); end; end;
global(sieve)? global(limit)? main :- write("N=?"), read_token(limit & int), next_prime(2), nl. remove_multiples(P,M) :- cond(M < limit, (sieve.M <-multiple_of(P),remove_multiples(P,M+P)) ). next_prime(P) :- P < limit, !, SP=sieve.P, ( SP=prime(P), !, write(P,' '), remove_multiples(P,2*P) ; succeed ), next_prime(P+1). next_prime(P).
# A simple program to sum up some numbers # presented on the command line, from # Bob Pike's forthcoming book on Limbo. implement Sum; include "sys.m"; sys: Sys; include "draw.m"; Sum: module { init: fn(context: ref Draw->Context, argl: list of string); }; init(context: ref Draw->Context, argl: list of string) { sys = load Sys Sys->PATH; argl = tl argl; # ignore command name if(len argl == 0){ sys->print("usage: sum numbers....\n"); return; } sum := 0.0; while(argl != nil){ arg := hd argl; sys->print("%s", arg); sum += real arg; argl = tl argl; if(argl != nil) sys->print(" + "); } sys->print(" = %g\n", sum); }
;; Simple factorial routine ;; (until I get a better example written) (defun fact1 (num) (cond ((not (integerp num)) nil) ((<= num 1) 1) (t (* num (fact1 (- num 1))))) )
; Recursive procedure to line, fractalized to DrawFractalLine :level :length ifelse :level < 1 [ fd :length] [ DrawFractalLine (sum -1 :level) (quotient :length 3.00) left 60 DrawFractalLine (sum -1 :level) (quotient :length 3.00) right 120 DrawFractalLine (sum -1 :level) (quotient :length 3.00) left 60 DrawFractalLine (sum -1 :level) (quotient :length 3.00) ] end ; procedure to clear screen and position turtle to SetupTurtle cs setpos [-160 -10] right 60 clean end ; setup turtle then draw Koch's snowflake(5) SetupTurtle setpensize [2 2] repeat 3 [DrawFractalLine 5 330 right 120]
' Find agents owned by the current user ' and remove them (Adapted from examples at ' www.lotus.com) Dim session As New NotesSession Dim db As NotesDatabase Dim agentArray(1 To 10) As NotesAgent Dim count as Integer Dim answer as string count = 0 Set db = session.CurrentDatabase Forall a In db.Agents If ( a.Owner = session.UserName ) Then Set agentArray(count) = a count = count + 1 If (count > 10) Then Exit Forall End If End If End Forall answer = Inputbox$( "You have " & count & " agents. Delete them?" ) If (answer = "y") Or (answer = "yes") Then Forall a in agentArray Call a.Remove End Foreall End If
-- Simple Lua program that implements the -- bisection method for solving non-linear equations function bisect(f,a,b,fa,fb) write(n," a=",a," fa=",fa," b=",b," fb=",fb,"\n") local c=(a+b)/2 if abs(a-b) < delta then return c end n=n+1 local fc=f(c) if fa*fc < 0 then return bisect(f,a,c,fa,fc) else return bisect(f,c,b,fc,fb) end end -- find root of f in the inverval [a,b]. -- bisection requires that f(a)*f(b) < 0 function solve(f,a,b) delta=1e-6 -- tolerance n=0 local z=bisect(f,a,b,f(a),f(b)) write(format("after %d steps, root is %.10g\n",n,z)) end -- test the bisection code with -- a function: x^3 - x - 1 function f(x) return x*x*x - x - 1 end solve(f,1,2)
h where h = 1 fby merge(merge(2 * h, 3 * h), 5 * h); merge(x,y) = if xx <= yy then xx else yy fi where xx = x upon xx <= yy; yy = y upon yy <= xx; end; end;
HOW TO RETURN index doc: PUT {} IN where FOR line.no IN keys doc: TREAT LINE RETURN where TREAT LINE: FOR word IN split doc[line.no]: IF word not.in keys where: PUT {} IN where[word] INSERT line.no IN where[word]
PROGRAM ONE WHEEL " Simple model of a dynamical system " written in ACSL 1, circa 1982. INITIAL CINTERVAL CINT = 0.05 ALGORITHM IALG = 4 $ "RK3" CONSTANT X1IO = 0.0, X2IO=0.0, X1DIC=0.0, X2DIC = 0.0 CONSTANT M1 = 25.0, M2=2.0, DF=100.0, K2=5000 CONSTANT TDONE = 15.0 K1 = 1000.0 END $ "OF INITIALIZATION" DYNAMIC DERIVATIVE X3= STEP(0.0) X1D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), X1DIC) X2D = INTEG((-DF/M1)*(X1D-X2D) - (K1/M1)*(X1-X2), ... (K2/M2)*(X2-X3*5.0), X2DIC) X1 = INTEG(X1D,X1IO) X2 = INTEG(X2D,X2IO) END "OF DERIVATIVE SECTION" TERMT(T .GE. TDONE) END "OF DYNAMIC SECTION" END "OF PROGRAM"
-- simple programming with floating-point #s with Ada.Float_Text_IO; use Ada.Float_Text_IO; procedure Think is A, B : Float := 0.0; -- A and B initially zero; note the period. I, J : Integer := 1; begin A := B * 7.0; I := J * 3; B := Float(I) / A; Put(B); end Think;
/* An Alef program to parse numbers out of * the string returned from /dev/time, and * print them from a separate proc. This is * a rather lame conglomeration of several * examples from Bob Flandrea's Alef * User's Guide */ tuple(int, uint, byte*) strtoui(byte* str, int base) { int val; while(*str != 0 && whitespace(*str)) str ; if(str == nil || *str == 0) return(0, 0, str); while(*str && !whitespace(*str)) { if(!validdigit(*str, base)) return (-1, val, str 1); /* extract digit into val */ str ; } return(1, val, str); } void receive(chan(uint) c) { int s; s = <-c; print("%d\n", s); if (s == 0) terminate(nil); } void main(void) { chan(uint) c; alloc c; proc receive(c); int ret; uint val; int fd; byte *p, buf[128], *newp; fd = open("/dev/time", OREAD|OCEXEC); if (fd >= 0) { read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); for(p = buf; *p; p = newp) { (ret, val, newp) = strtoui(p, 10); if(ret >= 0) c <-= val; if(ret == 0) break; } } }
// the main program, calculate the mean of // some numbers begin integer N; Read Int(N); begin real array Data[1:N]; real sum, avg; integer i; sum:=0; for i:=1 step 1 until N do begin real val; Read Real(val); Data[i]:=if val<0 then -val else val end; for i:=1 step 1 until N do sum:=sum Data[i]; avg:=sum/N; Print Real(avg) end end
Here is a better example, written in the
Algol60 publication language, from
Jean Sammet courtesy of
Glyn Webster.
procedure problem (a, b); value a, b; integer a, b; begin integer k; real e; for k := 2 × (a ÷ 2) 1 step 2 until b do begin e := if prime(k) then sqrt(3 × k sin(k)) else sqrt(4 × k cos(k)); if prime(k) then putlist(k, e, 'prime') else putlist(k, e, 'nonprime') end end problem;
-- Use the Finder to close all applications -- (by Joshua D. Baer) property specialApps : {"Finder"} tell application "Finder" set allApps to name of processes end tell repeat with someParticularApp in allApps if specialApps does not contain someParticularApp then tell application someParticularApp activate quit end tell end if end repeat
;; Very simple example of interactive extension ;; for AutoCAD (Defun c:SF2ACRE () (setq SF (getreal "Enter area in square feet: ")) (setq AGREAGE (/ SF 43560.0)) (alert (strcat "\nThe area in acres is " (rtos ARGEAGE 2 2))) )
BEGIN { if ("'$#argv'"==1) Col="'$1'"; else Col=1 } {Total = $Col; }; END { printf "Total for column %d with %d items: %d\n", Col,NR,Total }
REM Very very simple QBasic program PRINT "My Menu" PRINT "Press 1 to clear the screen, or 2 to say 'Hello'!" INPUT "What do you want to do"; choice IF choice = 1 THEN GOTO clrscr IF choice = 2 THEN GOTO hello clrscr: CLS PRINT "Done." END hello: PRINT "Hello, hello, hello!" END
// Routine to compute a checksum of a // named file, simplified from a compiler example. GET "libhdr" LET start() = VALOF $( LET args = VEC 50 LET instream = 0 LET outstream = 0 LET sum = 314159 IF rdargs("FROM/A,TO/K", args, 50) = 0 DO $( writes("Bad arguments for CHECKSUM*n") RESULTIS 20 $) instream := findinput(args!0) IF instream = 0 DO $( writef("can't open %s*n", args!0) RESULTIS 20 $) selectinput(instream) UNLESS args!1 = 0 DO $( outstream := findoutput(args!1) IF outstream = 0 DO $( writef("can't open %s*n", args!1) endread() RESULTIS 20 $) $) $( LET ch = rdch() IF ch=endstreamch BREAK sum := (13*sum + ch) & #xFFFFFFF $) REPEAT UNLESS outstream=0 DO selectoutput(outstream) writef("%n*n", sum) out: endread() UNLESS outstream = 0 DO $( selectoutput(outstream) endwrite() $) RESULTIS 0 $)
v>00p10p>00g:10g\/v ^:&< |:-1p00/2+< >93*^ >00g.@
A Befunge program to generate random integers (by Ken Bateman):
088+>v >+\^1@ 1 \-. >? ^:\ ^+:\_^
(* Link describes a linked list *) Link: (# succ: ^Link; (* tail of this Link *) elm: @integer; (* content element of this Link *) Insert: (* Insert an element after this Link *) (# E: @integer; R: ^Link; enter E do &Link[]->R[]; (* R denotes a new instance of Link *) E->R.elm; (* E=R.elm *) succ[]->R.succ[]; (* tail of this Link = tail of R *) R[]->succ[]; (* R=tail of this Link *) #) #) (* Test the linked list *) (# head: @Link do 1->head.Insert; 2->head.Insert; 6->head.Insert; 24->head.Insert; ( * head = (0 24 6 2 1) *) #)
DEFINE PROCEDURE "GOLDBACH?" [N]: BLOCK 0: BEGIN CELL(0) <= 2; LOOP AT MOST N TIMES: BLOCK 1: BEGIN IF {PRIME?[CELL(0)] AND PRIM[MINUS[N,CELL(0)]]}, THEN: BLOCK 2: BEGIN OUTPUT <= YES; QUIT BLOCK 0; BLOCK 2: END CELL(0) <= CELL(0) + 1; BLOCK 1: END BLOCK 0: END
Descriptions in this dictionary are ©1997-99 Neal Ziring. Some examples copyright of their respective authors. Some technologies and languages are trademarked. Permission to copy descriptions is granted as long as authorship credit is preserved.
Comments on this dictionary, corrections and suggestions, are all welcome. Please use email, the address is ziring@home.com
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Dictionary and script maintained by Neal Ziring, last major modifications 3/18/98. Most recent additions to dictionary and master list, 1/00.